Field Research & Agronomy
Pastures
Fungicide Coating Calculator
Liquid Fertilizer Quantity Calculator
Nitrogen to Product Calculator
The amount of fertilizer required to provide a target nitrogen rate (kg/ha)
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Product to Nitrogen Calculator
Nitrogen applied (kg/ha) at a given rate of Liquid fertilizer (l/ha)
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Pasture production and profits can be increased dramatically where extra fertilizer is used to lift the productivity of run-down pastures. This includes dry land pastures, cereal and pasture hay, irrigated pastures and high rainfall dairy pastures.
Table 1: Nutrient taken up by 1.0 tonnes of clover based pasture.
Pasture
Soil Test Level
(K - ppm or mg/kg)
(K - ppm or mg/kg)
Cereals
Lupins
Canola*
Pulses
Canola*
Pulses
Low Rainfall
Medium Rainfall
High Rainfall
>120
0
0
0
0
0#
80 - 120
P.T.
0
0
10-20
20-30
60 - 80
15-20
0
10-20
20-30
30-40
40 - 60
20-25
P.T.
20-30
30-50
40-60
25-35
20-25
30-50
40-60
50-60
Product
Autumn Application
Winter Application
After 4 weeks
After 7 weeks
After 4 weeks
After 7 weeks
Amsul
3.7
6.9
1.0
2.5
Urea
59.9
58.4
36.8
38.9
Cations
Anions
Chemical Symbol & Charge
Name
Chemical Symbol & Charge
Name
K+
Potassium
NO3-
Nitrate
NH4+
Ammonium
Cl-
Chlorine
Na+
Sodium
SO4--
Sulphate
Cu++
Copper
HPO4- -
Phosphate
Zn++
Zinc
BO3----
Boron
Mn++
Manganese
MoO4- -
Molybdenum
Ca++
Calcium
Mg++
Magnesium
Fe++
Iron
N
P
K
S
Cu
Zn
Mn
Ca
Mg
Clover Pasture
25-30
3.5
16-20
2-3
0.005
0.02
0.40
0.4
1.2
Some of these nutrients are recycled through livestock and via the dry material that is left behind. Nutrients such as nitrogen and potassium are very mobile and available, however phosphorus is not readily recycled once it is in the organic form For more details, please refer to our nutrient removal table.
Soil pH
We recommend conducting regular soil tests to monitor soil pH levels. Imbalanced soil can severely impact pasture and crops, by affecting the release of nutrients, and can allow fungus and bacteria to survive.
An acidic soil will produce poor growth, low nodulation and hence nitrogen fixation. It will also reduce the response that can be expected from applied nutrients. Good pastures will survive in a wide range of soil pH levels, however soil testing (top and sub soil) is essential to discovering the soil pH and predicting the response to applied lime. Some of the smaller testers are also good indicators. If the soil pH is below 4.6 in CaCl2, then apply lime (calcium carbonate) from a registered pit, at up to 2.5t/ha.
Heavy applications of calcium may upset the balance of xxx with potassium. Raising the pH too far may adversely affect the uptake of zinc, manganese or iron. If applying lime without cultivation, consider using lower rates and spreading the full application over two or three seasons.
Phosphorus
Western Australian soils are very low in natural phosphorus, which is particularly vital to the growth and root development of legume-based pastures. If a plant is low in phosphorus early in the season, it can often never recover, leading to a false break to the season, dry stress, water logging, disease, insect attack and more. Find out more about the role of phosphorus in plants here.
Product
% N
Urea
46.0
MAXam/Amsul
21.0
UreaPlus
37.1
NitroPlus
33.4
Compounds
Product
%Ammonium-N
DAPSZC
16.4
MAPSZC
10.6
AllStar
13.0
Vigour
5.0
Product
N
P
K
S
Ca
Mg
Cu
Zn
Mn
kg per tonne
grams per tonne
Wheat
23
3
4
1.4
0.33
0.93
5
29
40
Barley
20
2.9
4.4
1.1
0.3
1.08
3
15
11
Oats
16
3
4
1.5
0.5
1.0
3
17
40
Canola
40
6.5
9.2
9.8
4.1
4.0
4
40
40
Lupins
51
3.8
8.8
3.1
1.7
1.7
5
30
60
Chickpeas
34
3.8
8.9
1.8
1.1
1.2
7
38
34
Faba Beans
39
3.8
9.8
1.4
1.1
1.0
10
28
30
Field Peas
37
4.0
8.2
2.0
0.7
1.2
5
35
14
Hay - cereal
15
1.0
15
1.0
0.5
1.1
5
12
40
Straw - cereal
7
0.7
10
0.7
3
3
Milk
5.7
0.95
1.4
0.3
1.2
0.12
Greasy Wool
170
0.26
15.8
28.5
1.2
0.3
Sheep - Live
34
7.0
2.3
4.0
14.4
0.4